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Added some more header documentation.

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This commit is contained in:
Jordan Bancino 2023-04-27 18:00:26 +00:00
parent 95cb14213f
commit 24a03ba126
10 changed files with 1022 additions and 171 deletions
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4
TODO.txt
View file

@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Milestone: v0.3.0
[x] Refactor TelodendriaConfig to just Config
[ ] Documentation
[ ] Array
[x] Array
[ ] Io
[ ] Stream
[ ] Tls
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Milestone: v0.3.0
[ ] send-patch
[ ] Log
[ ] TelodendriaConfig -> Config
[ ] HashMap
[x] HashMap
[ ] HttpRouter
[ ] Str
[ ] HeaderParser

51
src/include/Base64.h
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@ -25,23 +25,74 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_BASE64_H
#define TELODENDRIA_BASE64_H
/***
* @Nm Base64
* @Nd A simple base64 encoder/decoder with unpadded base64 support.
* @Dd September 30 2022
* @Xr Sha2
*
* This is an efficient yet simple base64 encoding and decoding API
* that supports regular base64, as well as the Matrix specification's
* extension to base64, called ``unpadded base64.'' This API provides
* the ability to convert between the two, instead of just implementing
* unpadded base64.
*/
#include <stddef.h>
/**
* This function computes the amount of bytes needed to store a message
* of the specified number of bytes as base64.
*/
extern size_t
Base64EncodedSize(size_t);
/**
* This function computes the amount of bytes needed to store a decoded
* representation of the encoded message. It takes a pointer to the
* encoded string because it must read a few bytes off the end in order
* to accurately compute the size.
*/
extern size_t
Base64DecodedSize(const char *, size_t);
/**
* Encode the specified number of bytes from the specified buffer as
* base64. This function returns a string on the heap that should be
* freed with
* .Fn Free ,
* or NULL if a memory allocation error ocurred.
*/
extern char *
Base64Encode(const char *, size_t);
/**
* Decode the specified number of bytes from the specified buffer of
* base64. This function returns a string on the heap that should be
* freed with
* .Fn Free ,
* or NULL if a memory allocation error occured.
*/
extern char *
Base64Decode(const char *, size_t);
/**
* Remove the padding from a specified base64 string. This function
* modifies the specified string in place. It thus has no return value
* because it cannot fail. If the passed pointer is invalid, the
* behavior is undefined.
*/
extern void
Base64Unpad(char *, size_t);
/**
* Add padding to an unpadded base64 string. This function takes a
* pointer to a pointer because it may be necessary to grow the memory
* allocated to the string. This function returns a boolean value
* indicating whether the pad operation was successful. In practice,
* this means it will only fail if a bigger string is necessary, but it
* could not be automatically allocated on the heap.
*/
extern int
Base64Pad(char **, size_t);

64
src/include/CanonicalJson.h
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@ -25,15 +25,71 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_CANONICALJSON_H
#define TELODENDRIA_CANONICALJSON_H
/***
* @Nm CanonicalJson
* @Nd An extension of the JSON API that produces the Matrix spec's canonical JSON.
* @Dd November 30 2022
* @Xr Json
*
* This API is an extension of
* .Xr json 3
* that is specifically designed to produce the Matrix specification's
* "canonical" JSON.
* .Pp
* Canonical JSON is defined as JSON that:
* .Bl -bullet -offset indent
* .It
* Does not have any unecessary whitespace.
* .It
* Has all object key lexicographically sorted.
* .It
* Does not contain any floating point numerical values.
* .El
* .Pp
* The regular JSON encoder has no such rules, because normally they
* are not needed. However, Canonical JSON is needed in some cases to
* consistently sign JSON objects.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <HashMap.h>
#include <Stream.h>
extern int
CanonicalJsonEncode(HashMap *, Stream *);
/**
* Encode a JSON object following the rules of Canonical JSON. See the
* documentation for
* .Fn JsonEncode ,
* documented in
* .Xr Json 3
* for more details on how JSON encoding operates. This function exists
* as an alternative to
* .Fn JsonEncode ,
* but should not be preferred to it in most circumstances. It is a lot
* more costly, as it must lexicographically sort all keys and strip
* out float values. If at all possible, use
* .Fn JsonEncode ,
* because it is much cheaper both in terms of memory and CPU time.
* .Pp
* This function returns a boolean value indicating whether or not the
* operation was sucessful. This function will fail only if NULL was
* given for any parameter. Otherwise, if an invalid pointer is given,
* undefined behavior results.
*/
extern int CanonicalJsonEncode(HashMap *, Stream *);
extern char *
CanonicalJsonEncodeToString(HashMap *);
/**
* This function encodes a JSON object to a string.
* .Xr Json 3
* doesn't have any way to send JSON to a string, because there's
* absolutely no reason to handle JSON strings in most cases. However,
* the sole reason Canonical JSON exists is so that JSON objects can
* be signed in a consisten way. Thus, it is likely you need a string
* to pass to the signing function.
* .Pp
* This function returns a C string containing the canonical JSON
* representation of the given object, or NULL if the encoding failed.
*/
extern char * CanonicalJsonEncodeToString(HashMap *);
#endif /* TELODENDRIA_CANONICALJSON_H */

90
src/include/Cron.h
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@ -24,25 +24,115 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_CRON_H
#define TELODENDRIA_CRON_H
/***
* @Nm Cron
* @Nd Basic periodic job scheduler.
* @Dd December 24 2022
*
* This is an extremely basic job scheduler. So basic, in fact, that
* it currently runs all jobs on a single thread, which means that it
* is intended for short-lived jobs. In the future, it might be
* extended to support a one-thread-per-job model, but for now, jobs
* should take into consideration the fact that they are sharing their
* thread, so they should not be long-running.
* .Pp
* .Nm
* works by ``ticking'' at an interval defined by the caller of
* .Fn CronCreate .
* At each tick, all the registered jobs are queried, and if they are
* due to run again, their function is executed. As much as possible,
* .Nm
* tries to tick at constant intervals, however it is possible that one
* or more jobs may overrun the tick duration. If this happens,
* .Nm
* ticks again immediately after all the jobs for the previous tick
* have completed. This is in an effort to compensate for lost time,
* however it is important to note that when jobs overrun the tick
* interval, the interval is pushed back by the amount that it was
* overrun. Because of this,
* .Nm
* is best suited for scheduling jobs that should happen
* ``aproximately'' every so often; it is not a real-time scheduler
* by any means.
*/
/**
* All functions defined here operate on a structure opaque to the
* caller.
*/
typedef struct Cron Cron;
/**
* A job function is a function that takes a void pointer and returns
* nothing. The pointer is passed when the job is scheduled, and
* is expected to remain valid until the job is no longer registered.
* The pointer is passed each time the job executes.
*/
typedef void (JobFunc) (void *);
/**
* Create a new
* .Nm
* object that all other functions operate on. Like most of the other
* APIs in this project, it must be freed with
* .Fn CronFree
* when it is no longer needed.
* .Pp
* This function takes the tick interval in milliseconds.
*/
extern Cron *
CronCreate(unsigned long);
/**
* Schedule a one-off job to be executed only at the next tick, and
* then immediately discarded. This is useful for scheduling tasks that
* only have to happen once, or very infrequently depending on
* conditions other than the current time, but don't have to happen
* immediately. The caller simply indicates that it wishes for the task
* to execute at some time in the future. How far into the future this
* practically ends up being is determined by how long it takes for
* other registered jobs to finish, and what the tick interval is.
* .Pp
* This function takes a job function and a pointer to pass to that
* function when it is executed.
*/
extern void
CronOnce(Cron *, JobFunc *, void *);
/**
* Schedule a repetitive task to be executed at aproximately the given
* interval. As stated above, this is as fuzzy interval; depending on
* the jobs being run and the tick interval, tasks may not execute at
* exactly the scheduled time, but they will eventually execute.
* .Pp
* This function takes an interval in milliseconds, a job function,
* and a pointer to pass to that function when it is executed.
*/
extern void
CronEvery(Cron *, unsigned long, JobFunc *, void *);
/**
* Start ticking the clock and executing registered jobs.
*/
extern void
CronStart(Cron *);
/**
* Stop ticking the clock. Jobs that are already executing will
* continue to execute, but when they are finished, no new jobs will
* be executed until
* .Fn CronStart
* is called.
*/
extern void
CronStop(Cron *);
/**
* Discard all job references and free all memory associated with the
* given
* .Nm Cron
* instance.
*/
extern void
CronFree(Cron *);

146
src/include/Db.h
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@ -24,48 +24,146 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_DB_H
#define TELODENDRIA_DB_H
/***
* @Nm Db
* @Nd A minimal flat-file database with mutex locking and cache.
* @Dd April 27 2023
* @Xr Json
*
* Telodendria operates on a flat-file database instead of a
* traditional relational database. This greatly simplifies the
* persistent storage code, and creates a relatively basic API,
* described here.
*/
#include <stddef.h>
#include <HashMap.h>
#include <Array.h>
/**
* All functions in this API operate on a database structure that is
* opaque to the caller.
*/
typedef struct Db Db;
/**
* When an object is locked, a reference is returned. This reference
* is owned by the current thread, and the database is inaccessible to
* other threads until all references have been returned to the
* database.
* .Pp
* This reference is opaque, but can be manipulated by the functions
* defined here.
*/
typedef struct DbRef DbRef;
extern Db *
DbOpen(char *, size_t);
/**
* Open a data directory. This function takes a path to open, and a
* cache size in bytes. If the cache size is 0, then caching is
* disabled and objects are loaded off the disk every time they are
* locked. Otherwise, objects are stored in the cache, and they are
* evicted in a least-recently-used manner.
*/
extern Db * DbOpen(char *, size_t);
extern void
DbMaxCacheSet(Db *, size_t);
/**
* Close the database. This function will flush anything in the cache
* to the disk, and then close the data directory. It assumes that
* all references have been unlocked. If a reference has not been
* unlocked, undefined behavior results.
*/
extern void DbClose(Db *);
extern void
DbClose(Db *);
/**
* Set the maximum cache size allowed before
* .Nm
* starts evicting old objects. If this is set to 0, everything in the
* cache is immediately evicted and caching is disabled. If the
* database was opened with a cache size of 0, setting this will
* initialize the cache, and subsequent calls to
* .Fn DbLock
* will begin caching objects.
*/
extern void DbMaxCacheSet(Db *, size_t);
extern DbRef *
DbCreate(Db *, size_t,...);
/**
* Create a new object in the database with the specified name. This
* function will fail if the object already exists in the database. It
* takes a variable number of C strings, with the exact number being
* specified by the second parameter. These C strings are used to
* generate a filesystem path at which to store the object. These paths
* ensure each object is uniquely identifiable, and provides semantic
* meaning to an object.
*/
extern DbRef * DbCreate(Db *, size_t,...);
extern int
DbDelete(Db *, size_t,...);
/**
* Lock an existing object in the database. This function will fail
* if the object does not exist. It takes a variable number of C
* strings, with the exact number being specified by the second
* parameter. These C strings are used to generate the filesystem path
* at which to load the object. These paths ensure each object is
* uniquely identifiable, and provides semantic meaning to an object.
*/
extern DbRef * DbLock(Db *, size_t,...);
extern DbRef *
DbLock(Db *, size_t,...);
/**
* Immediately and permanently remove an object from the database.
* This function assumes the object is not locked, otherwise undefined
* behavior will result.
*/
extern int DbDelete(Db *, size_t,...);
extern int
DbUnlock(Db *, DbRef *);
/**
* Unlock an object and return it back to the database. This function
* immediately syncs the object to the filesystem. The cache is a
* read cache; writes are always immediate to ensure data integrity in
* the event of a system failure.
*/
extern int DbUnlock(Db *, DbRef *);
extern int
DbExists(Db *, size_t,...);
/**
* Check the existence of the given database object in a more efficient
* manner than attempting to lock it with
* .Fn DbLock .
* This function does not lock the object, nor does it load it into
* memory if it exists.
*/
extern int DbExists(Db *, size_t,...);
extern Array *
DbList(Db *, size_t,...);
/**
* List all of the objects at a given path. Unlike the other varargs
* functions, this one does not take a path to a specific object; it
* takes a directory to be iterated, where each path part is its own
* C string. Note that the resulting list only contains the objects
* in the specified directory, it does not list any subdirectories.
* .Pp
* The array returned is an array of C strings containing the object
* name.
*/
extern Array * DbList(Db *, size_t,...);
extern void
DbListFree(Array *);
/**
* Free the list returned by
* .Fn DbListFree .
*/
extern void DbListFree(Array *);
extern HashMap *
DbJson(DbRef *);
/**
* Convert a database reference into JSON that can be manipulated.
* At this time, the database actually stores objects as JSON on the
* disk, so this function just returns an internal pointer, but in the
* future it may have to be generated by decompressing a binary blob,
* or something of that nature.
*/
extern HashMap * DbJson(DbRef *);
extern int
DbJsonSet(DbRef *, HashMap *);
/**
* Free the existing JSON associated with the given reference, and
* replace it with new JSON. This is more efficient than duplicating
* a separate object into the database reference.
*/
extern int DbJsonSet(DbRef *, HashMap *);
#endif

144
src/include/HashMap.h
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@ -25,35 +25,143 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_HASHMAP_H
#define TELODENDRIA_HASHMAP_H
/***
* @Nm HashMap
* @Nd A simple hash map implementation.
* @Dd October 11 2022
* @Xr Array Queue
*
* This is the public interface for Telodendria's hash map
* implementation. This hash map is designed to be simple,
* well-documented, and generally readable and understandable, yet also
* performant enough to be useful, because it is used extensively
* throughout the project.
* .Pp
* Fundamentally, this is an entirely generic map implementation. It
* can be used for many general purposes, but it is designed only to
* implement the features Telodendria needs to be functional. One
* example of a Telodendria-specific feature is that keys cannot be
* arbitrary data; they are NULL-terminated C strings.
*/
#include <stddef.h>
/**
* These functions operate on an opaque structure, which the caller
* has no knowledge about.
*/
typedef struct HashMap HashMap;
extern HashMap *
HashMapCreate(void);
/**
* Create a new hash map that is ready to be used with the rest of the
* functions defined here.
*/
extern HashMap * HashMapCreate(void);
/**
* Free the specified hash map such that it becomes invalid and any
* future use results in undefined behavior. Note that this function
* does not free the values stored in the hash map, but since it stores
* the keys internally, it will free the keys. You should use
* .Fn HashMapIterate
* to free the values stored in this map appropriately before calling
* this function.
*/
extern void HashMapFree(HashMap *);
/**
* Control the maximum load of the hash map before it is expanded.
* When the hash map reaches the given capacity, it is grown. You
* don't want to only grow hash maps when they are full, because that
* makes them perform very poorly. The maximum load value is a
* percentage of how full the hash map is, and it should be between
* 0 and 1, where 0 means that no elements will cause the map to be
* expanded, and 1 means that the hash map must be completely full
* before it is expanded. The default maximum load on a new hash map
* is 0.75, which should be good enough for most purposes, however,
* this function exists specifically so that the maximum load can be
* fine-tuned.
*/
extern void HashMapMaxLoadSet(HashMap *, float);
/**
* Use a custom hashing function with the given hash map. New hash
* maps have a sane hashing function that should work okay for most
* use cases, but if you have a better hashing function, it can be
* specified this way. Do not change the hash function after keys have
* been added; doing so results in undefined behavior. Only set a new
* hash function immediately after constructing a new hash map, before
* anything has been added to it.
* .Pp
* The hash function takes a pointer to a C string, and is expected
* to return a fairly unique numerical hash value which will be
* converted into an array index.
*/
extern void
HashMapMaxLoadSet(HashMap *, float);
HashMapFunctionSet(HashMap *, unsigned long (*) (const char *));
extern void
HashMapFunctionSet(HashMap *, unsigned long (*) (const char *));
/**
* Set the given string key to the given value. Note that the key is
* copied into the hash map's own memory space, but the value is not.
* It is the caller's job to ensure that the value pointer remains
* valid for the life of the hash map, and are freed when no longer
* needed.
*/
extern void * HashMapSet(HashMap *, char *, void *);
extern void *
HashMapSet(HashMap *, char *, void *);
/**
* Retrieve the value for the given key, or return NULL if no such
* key exists in the hash map.
*/
extern void * HashMapGet(HashMap *, const char *);
extern void *
HashMapGet(HashMap *, const char *);
/**
* Remove a value specified by the given key from the hash map, and
* return it to the caller to deal with. This function returns NULL
* if no such key exists.
*/
extern void * HashMapDelete(HashMap *, const char *);
extern void *
HashMapDelete(HashMap *, const char *);
/**
* Iterate over all the keys and values of a hash map. This function
* works very similarly to
* .Xr getopt 3 ,
* where calls are repeatedly made in a while loop until there are no
* more items to go over. The difference is that this function does not
* rely on globals; it takes pointer pointers, and stores all
* necessary state inside the hash map itself.
* .Pp
* Note that this function is not thread-safe; two threads cannot be
* iterating over any given hash map at the same time, though they
* can each be iterating over different hash maps.
* .Pp
* This function can be tricky to use in some scenarios, as it
* continues where it left off on each call, until there are no more
* elements to go through in the hash map. If you are not iterating
* over the entire map in one go, and happen to break the loop, then
* the next time you attempt to iterate the hash map, you'll start
* somewhere in the middle, which is most likely not the intended
* behavior. Thus, it is always recommended to iterate over the entire
* hash map if you're going to use this function.
* .Pp
* Also note that the behavior of this function is undefined if
* insertions or deletions occur during the iteration. This
* functionality has not been tested, and will likely not work.
*/
extern int HashMapIterate(HashMap *, char **, void **);
/**
* A reentrant version of
* .Fn HashMapIterate
* that allows the caller to overcome the flaws of that function by
* storing the cursor outside of the hash map structure itself. This
* allows multiple threads to iterate over the same hash map at the
* same time, and it allows the iteration to be halted midway through
* without causing any unintended side effects.
* .Pp
* The cursor should be initialized to 0 at the start of iteration.
*/
extern int
HashMapIterate(HashMap *, char **, void **);
extern int
HashMapIterateReentrant(HashMap *, char **, void **, size_t *);
extern void
HashMapFree(HashMap *);
HashMapIterateReentrant(HashMap *, char **, void **, size_t *);
#endif /* TELODENDRIA_HASHMAP_H */

106
src/include/Http.h
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@ -24,6 +24,22 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_HTTP_H
#define TELODENDRIA_HTTP_H
/***
* @Nm Http
* @Nd Encode and decode various parts of the HTTP protocol.
* @Dd March 12 2023
* @Xr HttpClient HttpServer HashMap Queue Memory
*
* .Nm
* is a collection of utility functions and type definitions that are
* useful for dealing with HTTP. HTTP is not a complex protocol, but
* this API makes it a lot easier to work with.
* .Pp
* Note that this API doesn't target any particular HTTP version, but
* it is currently used with HTTP 1.0 clients and servers, and
* therefore may be lacking functionality added in later HTTP versions.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <HashMap.h>
@ -32,6 +48,11 @@
#define HTTP_FLAG_NONE 0
#define HTTP_FLAG_TLS (1 << 0)
/**
* The request methods defined by the HTTP standard. These numeric
* constants should be preferred to strings when building HTTP APIs
* because they are more efficient.
*/
typedef enum HttpRequestMethod
{
HTTP_METHOD_UNKNOWN,
@ -46,6 +67,10 @@ typedef enum HttpRequestMethod
HTTP_PATCH
} HttpRequestMethod;
/**
* An enumeration that corresponds to the actual integer values of the
* valid HTTP response codes.
*/
typedef enum HttpStatus
{
HTTP_STATUS_UNKNOWN = 0,
@ -110,28 +135,77 @@ typedef enum HttpStatus
HTTP_NETWORK_AUTH_REQUIRED = 511
} HttpStatus;
extern const char *
HttpStatusToString(const HttpStatus);
/**
* Convert an HTTP status enumeration value into a string description
* of the status, which is to be used in server response to a client,
* or a client response to a user. For example, calling
* .Fn HttpStatusToString "HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT"
* (or
* .Fn HttpStatusToString "504" )
* produces the string "Gateway Timeout". Note that the returned
* pointers point to static space, so their manipulation is forbidden.
*/
extern const char * HttpStatusToString(const HttpStatus);
extern HttpRequestMethod
HttpRequestMethodFromString(const char *);
/**
* Convert a string into a numeric code that can be used throughout
* the code of a program in an efficient manner. See the definition
* of HttpRequestMethod. This function does case-sensitive matching,
* and does not trim or otherwise process the input string.
*/
extern HttpRequestMethod HttpRequestMethodFromString(const char *);
extern const char *
HttpRequestMethodToString(const HttpRequestMethod);
/**
* Convert a numeric code as defined by HttpRequestMethod into a
* string that can be sent to a server. Note that the returned pointers
* point to static space, so their manipulation is forbidden.
*/
extern const char * HttpRequestMethodToString(const HttpRequestMethod);
extern char *
HttpUrlEncode(char *);
/**
* Encode a C string such that it can safely appear in a URL by
* performing the necessary percent escaping. A new string on the
* heap is returned. It should be freed with
* .Fn Free ,
* defined in the
* .Xr Memory 3
* API.
*/
extern char * HttpUrlEncode(char *);
extern char *
HttpUrlDecode(char *);
/**
* Decode a percent-encoded string into a C string, ignoring encoded
* null characters entirely, because those would do nothing but cause
* problems.
*/
extern char * HttpUrlDecode(char *);
extern HashMap *
HttpParamDecode(char *);
/**
* Decode an encoded parameter string in the form of
* ``key=val&key2=val2'' into a hash map whose values are C strings.
* This function properly decodes keys and values using the functions
* defined above.
*/
extern HashMap * HttpParamDecode(char *);
extern char *
HttpParamEncode(HashMap *);
/**
* Encode a hash map whose values are strings as an HTTP parameter
* string suitable for GET or POST requests.
*/
extern char * HttpParamEncode(HashMap *);
extern HashMap *
HttpParseHeaders(Stream *);
/**
* Read HTTP headers from a stream and return a hash map whose values
* are strings. All keys are lowercased to make querying them
* consistent and not dependent on the case that was read from the
* stream. This is useful for both client and server code, since the
* headers are in the same format. This function should be used after
* parsing the HTTP status line, because it does not parse that line.
* It will stop when it encounters the first blank line, which
* indicates that the body is beginning. After this function completes,
* the body may be immediately read from the stream without any
* additional processing.
*/
extern HashMap * HttpParseHeaders(Stream *);
#endif

204
src/include/HttpServer.h
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@ -24,6 +24,28 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_HTTPSERVER_H
#define TELODENDRIA_HTTPSERVER_H
/***
* @Nm HttpServer
* @Nd Extremely simple HTTP server.
* @Dd December 13 2022
* @Xr Http HttpClient
*
* .Nm
* builds on the
* .Xr Http 3
* API, and provides a very simple, yet very functional API for
* creating an HTTP server. It aims at being easy to use and minimal,
* yet also efficient. It uses non-blocking I/O, is fully
* multi-threaded, and is very configurable. It can be set up in just
* two function calls and minimal supporting code.
* .Pp
* This API should be familar to those that have dealt with the HTTP
* server libraries of other programming languages, particularly Java.
* In fact, much of the terminology used in this API came from Java,
* and you'll notice that the way responses are sent and received very
* closely resembles Java.
*/
#include <Http.h>
#include <stdio.h>
@ -31,68 +53,182 @@
#include <HashMap.h>
#include <Stream.h>
/**
* The functions on this API operate on an opaque structure.
*/
typedef struct HttpServer HttpServer;
/**
* Each request receives a context structure. It is opaque, so the
* functions defined in this API should be used to fetch data from
* it. These functions allow the handler to figure out the context of
* the request, which includes the path requested, any parameters,
* and the headers and method used to make the request. The context
* also provides the means by which the handler responds to the
* request, allowing it to set the status code, headers, and body.
*/
typedef struct HttpServerContext HttpServerContext;
/**
* The request handler function is executed when an HTTP request is
* received. It takes a request context, and a pointer as specified
* in the server configuration.
*/
typedef void (HttpHandler) (HttpServerContext *, void *);
/**
* The number of arguments to
* .Fn HttpServerCreate
* has grown so large that arguments are not stuffed into a
* configuration structure, which is in turn passed to
* .Fn HttpServerCreate .
* This configuration is copied by value into the internal
* structures of the server. It is copied with very minimal
* validation, so ensure that all values are sensible. It may
* make sense to use
* .Fn memset
* to zero out everything in here before assigning values.
*/
typedef struct HttpServerConfig
{
unsigned short port;
unsigned int threads;
unsigned int maxConnections;
int flags;
char *tlsCert;
char *tlsKey;
int flags; /* Http(3) flags */
char *tlsCert; /* File path */
char *tlsKey; /* File path */
HttpHandler *handler;
void *handlerArgs;
} HttpServerConfig;
extern HttpServer *
HttpServerCreate(HttpServerConfig *);
/**
* Create a new HTTP server using the specified configuration.
* This will set up all internal structures used by the server,
* and bind the socket and start listening for connections. However,
* it will not start accepting connections.
*/
extern HttpServer * HttpServerCreate(HttpServerConfig *);
extern HttpServerConfig *
HttpServerConfigGet(HttpServer *);
/**
* Retrieve the configuration that was used to instantiate the given
* server. Note that this configuration is not necessarily the exact
* one that was provided; even though its values are the same, it
* should be treated as an entirely separate configuration with no
* connection to the original.
*/
extern HttpServerConfig * HttpServerConfigGet(HttpServer *);
extern void
HttpServerFree(HttpServer *);
/**
* Free the resources associated with the given HTTP server. Note that
* the server can only be freed after it has been stopped. Calling this
* function while the server is still running results in undefined
* behavior.
*/
extern void HttpServerFree(HttpServer *);
extern int
HttpServerStart(HttpServer *);
/**
* Attempt to start the HTTP server, and return immediately with the
* status. This API is fully multi-threaded and asynchronous, so the
* caller can continue working while the HTTP server is running in a
* separate thread and managing a pool of threads to handle responses.
*/
extern int HttpServerStart(HttpServer *);
extern void
HttpServerJoin(HttpServer *);
/**
* Typically, at some point after calling
* .Fn HttpServerStart ,
* the program will have no more work to do, so it will want to wait
* for the HTTP server to finish. This is accomplished via this
* function, which joins the HTTP worker thread to the calling thread,
* pausing the calling thread until the HTTP server has stopped.
*/
extern void HttpServerJoin(HttpServer *);
extern void
HttpServerStop(HttpServer *);
/**
* Stop the HTTP server. Only the execution of this function will
* cause the proper shutdown of the HTTP server. If the main program
* is joined to the HTTP thread, then either another thread or a
* signal handler will have to stop the server using this function.
* The typical use case is to install a signal handler that executes
* this function on a global HTTP server.
*/
extern void HttpServerStop(HttpServer *);
extern HashMap *
HttpRequestHeaders(HttpServerContext *);
/**
* Get the request headers for the request represented by the given
* context. The data in the returned hash map should be treated as
* read only and should not be freed; it is managed entirely by the
* server.
*/
extern HashMap * HttpRequestHeaders(HttpServerContext *);
extern HttpRequestMethod
HttpRequestMethodGet(HttpServerContext *);
/**
* Get the request method used to make the request represented by
* the given context.
*/
extern HttpRequestMethod HttpRequestMethodGet(HttpServerContext *);
extern char *
HttpRequestPath(HttpServerContext *);
/**
* Get the request path for the request represented by the given
* context. The return value of this function should be treated as
* read-only, and should not be freed; it is managed entirely by the
* server.
*/
extern char * HttpRequestPath(HttpServerContext *);
extern HashMap *
HttpRequestParams(HttpServerContext *);
/**
* Retrieve the parsed GET parameters for the request represented by
* the given context. The returned hash map should be treated as
* read-only, and should not be freed; it is managed entirely by the
* server.
*/
extern HashMap * HttpRequestParams(HttpServerContext *);
extern char *
HttpResponseHeader(HttpServerContext *, char *, char *);
/**
* Set a response header to return to the client. The old value for
* the given header is returned, if any, otherwise NULL is returned.
*/
extern char * HttpResponseHeader(HttpServerContext *, char *, char *);
extern void
HttpResponseStatus(HttpServerContext *, HttpStatus);
/**
* Set the response status to return to the client.
*/
extern void HttpResponseStatus(HttpServerContext *, HttpStatus);
extern HttpStatus
HttpResponseStatusGet(HttpServerContext *);
/**
* Get the current response status that will be sent to the client
* making the request represented by the given context.
*/
extern HttpStatus HttpResponseStatusGet(HttpServerContext *);
extern Stream *
HttpServerStream(HttpServerContext *);
/**
* Send the response headers to the client that made the request
* represented by the specified context. This function must be called
* before the response body can be written, otherwise a malformed
* response will be sent.
*/
extern void HttpSendHeaders(HttpServerContext *);
extern void
HttpSendHeaders(HttpServerContext *);
/**
* Get a stream that is both readable and writable. Reading from the
* stream reads the request body that the client sent, if there is one.
* Note that the rquest headers have already been read, so the stream
* is correctly positioned at the beginning of the body of the request.
* .Fn HttpSendHeaders
* must be called before the stream is written, otherwise a malformed
* HTTP response will be sent. An HTTP handler should properly set all
* the headers it itends to send, send those headers, and then write
* the response body to this stream.
* .Pp
* Note that the stream does not need to be closed by the HTTP
* handler; in fact doing so results in undefined behavior. The stream
* is managed entirely by the server itself, so it will close it when
* necessary. This allows the underlying protocol to differ: for
* instance, an HTTP/1.1 connection may stay for multiple requests and
* responses.
*/
extern Stream * HttpServerStream(HttpServerContext *);
#endif
#endif /* TELODENDRIA_HTTPSERVER_H */

304
src/include/Json.h
View file

@ -25,6 +25,49 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_JSON_H
#define TELODENDRIA_JSON_H
/***
* @Nm Json
* @Nd A fully-featured JSON API.
* @Dd March 12 2023
* @Xr HashMap Array Stream
*
* .Nm
* is a fully-featured JSON API for C using the array and hash map
* APIs. It can parse JSON, ans serialize an in-memory structure to
* JSON. It build on the foundation of Array and HashMap because that's
* all JSON really is, just arrays and maps.
* .Nm
* also provides a structure for encapsulating an arbitrary value and
* identifying its type, making it easy for a strictly-typed language
* like C to work with loosely-typed JSON data.
* .Nm
* is very strict and tries to adhere as closely as possible to the
* proper definition of JSON. It will fail on syntax errors of any
* kind, which is fine for a Matrix homeserver that can just return
* M_BAD_JSON if anything in here fails, but this behavior may not be
* suitable for other purposes.
* .Pp
* This JSON implementation focuses primarily on serialization and
* deserialization to and from streams. It does not provide facilities
* for handling JSON strings; it only writes JSON to output streams,
* and reads them from input streams. Of course, you can use the
* POSIX
* .Xr fmemopen 3
* and
* .Xr open_memstream 3
* functions if you want to deal with JSON strings, but JSON is
* intended to be an exchange format. Data should be converted to JSON
* right when it is leaving the program, and converted from JSON to the
* in-memory format as soon as it is coming in.
* .Pp
* JSON objects are represented as hash maps consisting entirely of
* JsonValue structures, and arrays are represented as arrays
* consisting entirely of JsonValue structures. When generating a
* JSON object, any attempt to stuff a value into a hash map or array
* without first encoding it as a JsonValue will result in undefined
* behavior.
*/
#include <HashMap.h>
#include <Array.h>
#include <Stream.h>
@ -35,90 +78,233 @@
#define JSON_DEFAULT -1
#define JSON_PRETTY 0
typedef enum JsonType
{
JSON_NULL,
JSON_OBJECT,
JSON_ARRAY,
JSON_STRING,
JSON_INTEGER,
JSON_FLOAT,
JSON_BOOLEAN
} JsonType;
/**
* This opaque structure encapsulates all the possible types that can
* be stored in JSON. It is managed entirely by the functions defined
* in this API. It is important to note that strings, integers, floats,
* booleans, and the NULL value are all stored by value, but objects
* and arrays are stored by reference. That is, it doesn't store these
* itself, just pointers to them, however, the data
* .Em is
* freed when using
* .Fn JsonFree .
*/
typedef struct JsonValue JsonValue;
extern JsonType
JsonValueType(JsonValue *);
/**
* These are the types that can be used to identify a JsonValue
* and act on it accordingly.
*/
typedef enum JsonType
{
JSON_NULL, /* Maps to a C NULL */
JSON_OBJECT, /* Maps to a HashMap of JsonValues */
JSON_ARRAY, /* Maps to an Array of JsonValues */
JSON_STRING, /* Maps to a null-terminated C string */
JSON_INTEGER, /* Maps to a C long */
JSON_FLOAT, /* Maps to a C double */
JSON_BOOLEAN /* Maps to a C integer of either 0 or 1 */
} JsonType;
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueObject(HashMap *);
/**
* Determine the type of the specified JSON value.
*/
extern JsonType JsonValueType(JsonValue *);
extern HashMap *
JsonValueAsObject(JsonValue *);
/**
* Encode a JSON object as a JSON value that can be added to another
* object, or an array.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueObject(HashMap *);
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueArray(Array *);
/**
* Unwrap a JSON value that represents an object. This function will
* return NULL if the value is not actually an object.
*/
extern HashMap * JsonValueAsObject(JsonValue *);
extern Array *
JsonValueAsArray(JsonValue *);
/**
* Encode a JSON array as a JSON value that can be added to an object
* or another array.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueArray(Array *);
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueString(char *);
/**
* Unwrap a JSON value that represents an array. This function will
* return NULL if the value is not actually an array.
*/
extern Array * JsonValueAsArray(JsonValue *);
extern char *
JsonValueAsString(JsonValue *);
/**
* Encode a C string as a JSON value that can be added to an object or
* an array.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueString(char *);
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueInteger(long);
/**
* Unwrap a JSON value that represents a string. This function will
* return NULL if the value is not actually a string.
*/
extern char * JsonValueAsString(JsonValue *);
extern long
JsonValueAsInteger(JsonValue *);
/**
* Encode a number as a JSON value that can be added to an object or
* an array.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueInteger(long);
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueFloat(double);
/**
* Unwrap a JSON value that represents a number. This function will
* return 0 if the value is not actually a number, which may be
* misleading. Check the type of the value before making assumptions
* about its value.
*/
extern long JsonValueAsInteger(JsonValue *);
extern double
JsonValueAsFloat(JsonValue *);
/**
* Encode a floating point number as a JSON value that can be added
* to an object or an array.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueFloat(double);
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueBoolean(int);
/**
* Unwrap a JSON value that represents a floating point number. This
* function will return 0 if the value is not actually a floating
* point number, which may be misleading. Check the type of the value
* before making assumptions about its type.
*/
extern double JsonValueAsFloat(JsonValue *);
extern int
JsonValueAsBoolean(JsonValue *);
/**
* Encode a C integer according to the way C treats integers in boolean
* expressions as a JSON value that can be added to an object or an
* array.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueBoolean(int);
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueNull(void);
/**
* Unwrap a JSON value that represents a boolean. This function will
* return 0 if the value is not actually a boolean, which may be
* misleading. Check the type of the value before making assumptions
* about its type.
*/
extern int JsonValueAsBoolean(JsonValue *);
extern void
JsonValueFree(JsonValue *);
/**
* This is a special case that represents a JSON null. Because the
* Array and HashMap APIs do not accept NULL values, this function
* should be used to represent NULL in JSON. Even though a small
* amount of memory is allocated just to be a placeholder for nothing,
* this keeps the APIs clean.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueNull(void);
extern JsonValue *
JsonValueDuplicate(JsonValue *);
/**
* Free the memory being used by a JSON value. Note that this will
* recursively free all Arrays, HashMaps, and other JsonValues that are
* reachable from the given value, including any strings attached to
* this value.
*/
extern void JsonValueFree(JsonValue *);
extern HashMap *
JsonDuplicate(HashMap *);
/**
* Recursively duplicate the given JSON value. This returns a new
* JSON value that is completely identical to the specified value, but
* in no way connected to it.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonValueDuplicate(JsonValue *);
extern void
JsonFree(HashMap *);
/**
* Recursively duplicate the given JSON object. This returns a new
* JSON object that is completely identical to the specified object,
* but in no way connect to it.
*/
extern HashMap * JsonDuplicate(HashMap *);
/**
* Recursively free a JSON object by iterating over all of its values
* and freeing them using
* .Fn JsonValueFree .
*/
extern void JsonFree(HashMap *);
extern void
JsonEncodeString(const char *, Stream *);
/**
* Encode the given string in such a way that it can be safely
* embedded in a JSON stream. This entails:
* .Bl -bullet -offset indent
* .It
* Escaping quotes, backslashes, and other special characters using
* their backslash escape.
* .It
* Encoding bytes that are not UTF-8 using escapes.
* .It
* Wrapping the entire string in double quotes.
* .El
* .Pp
* This function is only provided via the public
* .Nm
* API so that it is accessible to custom JSON encoders, such as the
* CanonicalJson encoder. This will typically be used for encoding
* object keys; to encode values, just use
* .Fn JsonEncodeValue .
*/
extern void JsonEncodeString(const char *, Stream *);
extern void
JsonEncodeValue(JsonValue * value, Stream * out, int);
/**
* Serialize a JSON value as it would appear in JSON output. This is
* a recursive function that also encodes all child values reachable
* from the given value. This function is exposed via the public
* .Nm
* API so that it is accessible to custom JSON encoders. Normal users
* that are not writing custom encoders should in most cases just use
* .Fn JsonEncode
* to encode an entire object.
* .Pp
* The third parameter is an integer that represents the indent level
* of the value to be printed, or a negative number if pretty-printing
* should be disabled and JSON should be printed as minimized as
* possible. To pretty-print a JSON object, set this to
* .Va JSON_PRETTY .
* To get minified output, set it to
* .Va JSON_DEFAULT .
*/
extern void JsonEncodeValue(JsonValue *, Stream *, int);
extern int
JsonEncode(HashMap *, Stream *, int);
/**
* Encode a JSON object as it would appear in JSON output, writing it
* to the given output stream. This function is recursive; it will
* serialize everything accessible from the passed object. The third
* parameter has the same behavior as described above.
*/
extern int JsonEncode(HashMap *, Stream *, int);
extern HashMap *
JsonDecode(Stream *);
/**
* Decode a JSON object from the given input stream and parse it into
* a hash map of JSON values.
*/
extern HashMap * JsonDecode(Stream *);
extern JsonValue *
JsonGet(HashMap *, size_t,...);
/**
* A convenience function that allows the caller to retrieve and
* arbitrarily deep keys within a JSON object. It takes a root JSON
* object, the number of levels deep to go, and then that number of
* keys as a varargs list. All keys must have objects as values, with
* the exception of the last one, which is the value that will be
* returned. Otherwise, NULL indicates the specified path doas not
* exist.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonGet(HashMap *, size_t,...);
extern JsonValue *
JsonSet(HashMap *, JsonValue *, size_t,...);
/**
* A convenience function that allows the caller to set arbitrarily
* deep keys within a JSON object. It takes a root JSON object, the
* number of levels deep to go, and then that number of keys as a
* varargs list. All keys must have object as values, with the
* exception of the last one, which is the value that will be set.
* The value currently at that key, if any, will be returned.
* This function will create any intermediate objects as necessary to
* set the proper key.
*/
extern JsonValue * JsonSet(HashMap *, JsonValue *, size_t,...);
#endif /* TELODENDRIA_JSON_H */

80
src/include/Log.h
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@ -25,6 +25,19 @@
#ifndef TELODENDRIA_LOG_H
#define TELODENDRIA_LOG_H
/***
* @Nm Log
* @Nd A simple logging framework for logging to multiple destinations.
* @Dd April 27 2023
* @Xr Stream
*
* .Nm
* is a simple C logging library that allows for colorful outputs,
* timestamps, and custom log levels. It also features the ability to
* have multiple logs open at one time, although Telodendria primarily
* utilizes the global log. All logs are thread safe.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <syslog.h>
@ -34,28 +47,67 @@
#define LOG_FLAG_COLOR (1 << 0)
#define LOG_FLAG_SYSLOG (1 << 1)
/**
* A log is defined as a configuration that describes the properties
* of the log. This opaque structure can be manipulated by the
* functions defined in this API.
*/
typedef struct LogConfig LogConfig;
extern LogConfig *
LogConfigCreate(void);
/**
* Create a new log configuration with sane defaults that can be used
* immediately with the logging functions.
*/
extern LogConfig * LogConfigCreate(void);
extern LogConfig *
LogConfigGlobal(void);
/**
* Get the global log configuration, creating a new one with
* .Fn LogConfigCreate
* if necessary.
*/
extern LogConfig * LogConfigGlobal(void);
extern void
LogConfigFree(LogConfig *);
/**
* Free the given log configuration. Note that this does not close the
* underlying stream associated with the log, if there is one. Also
* note that to avoid memory leaks, the global log configuration must
* also be freed, but it cannot be used after it is freed.
*/
extern void LogConfigFree(LogConfig *);
extern void
LogConfigLevelSet(LogConfig *, int);
/**
* Set the current log level on the specified log configuration.
* This indicates that only messages at or above this level should be
* logged; all others are silently discarded. The passed log level
* should be one of the log levels defined by
* .Xr syslog 3 .
* Refer to that page for a complete list of acceptable log levels,
* and note that passing an invalid log level will result in undefined
* behavior.
*/
extern void LogConfigLevelSet(LogConfig *, int);
extern void
LogConfigIndent(LogConfig *);
/**
* Cause the log output to be indented two more spaces than it was
* previously. This can be helpful when generating stack traces or
* other hierarchical output. This is a simple convenience wrapper
* around
* .Fn LogConfigIndentSet .
*/
extern void LogConfigIndent(LogConfig *);
extern void
LogConfigUnindent(LogConfig *);
/**
* Cause the log output to be indented two less spaces than it was
* previously. This is a simple convenience wrapper around
* .Fn LogConfigIndentSet .
*/
extern void LogConfigUnindent(LogConfig *);
extern void
LogConfigIndentSet(LogConfig *, size_t);
/**
* Indent future log output using the specified config by some
* arbitrary amount.
*/
extern void LogConfigIndentSet(LogConfig *, size_t);
extern void
LogConfigOutputSet(LogConfig *, Stream *);