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First commit of part9-sound code

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Adam Greenwood-Byrne 2021-02-17 10:32:35 +00:00
parent 72e96074c9
commit 8b7079608f
15 changed files with 1012 additions and 1 deletions
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4
part8-breakout-ble/README.md
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@ -82,4 +82,6 @@ The last mile
-------------
With this, it's a good exercise to take part6 and part7 code and merge them to form a working Breakout implementation that's controlled via Bluetooth! After all, that's exactly how I ended up with the part8 code... If you get stuck, it's all in my repo.
Good luck!
Good luck! Next time, we'll look at adding sound to the gameplay...
[Go to part9-sound >](../part9-sound)

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part9-sound/Makefile Normal file
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CFILES = $(wildcard *.c)
OFILES = $(CFILES:.c=.o)
LLVMPATH = /opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin
CLANGFLAGS = -Wall -O2 -ffreestanding -nostdinc -nostdlib -mcpu=cortex-a72+nosimd
all: clean kernel8.img
boot.o: boot.S
$(LLVMPATH)/clang --target=aarch64-elf $(CLANGFLAGS) -c boot.S -o boot.o
audio.o : audio.bin
$(LLVMPATH)/llvm-objcopy -I binary -O elf64-littleaarch64 -B aarch64 $< $@
%.o: %.c
$(LLVMPATH)/clang --target=aarch64-elf $(CLANGFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
kernel8.img: boot.o $(OFILES) audio.o
$(LLVMPATH)/ld.lld -m aarch64elf -nostdlib boot.o $(OFILES) audio.o -T link.ld -o kernel8.elf
$(LLVMPATH)/llvm-objcopy -O binary kernel8.elf kernel8.img
clean:
/bin/rm kernel8.elf *.o *.img > /dev/null 2> /dev/null || true

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part9-sound/README.md Normal file
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Writing a "bare metal" operating system for Raspberry Pi 4 (Part 9)
===================================================================
Playing sound from the audio jack
---------------------------------
One thing our game is missing is the excitement of sound! Some beeps and squeaks would be a wonderful addition to make the gameplay more compelling. Let's work to do just that!
This code was derived from [Peter Lemon's work](https://github.com/PeterLemon/RaspberryPi/tree/master/Sound/PWM/8BIT/44100Hz/Stereo/CPU), for which I am very grateful. It's been ported to C with some modifications to work on the Raspberry Pi 4 hardware.
Todo
----
* Write-up the CPU-driven `playaudio_cpu()` code, explaining clocks/PWM etc.
* Code the DMA version so we don't have to tie up the CPU
* Add a Makefile.gcc (I'm using LLVM Clang these days, so not a priority)

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part9-sound/boot.S Normal file
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.section ".text.boot" // Make sure the linker puts this at the start of the kernel image
.global _start // Execution starts here
_start:
// Check processor ID is zero (executing on main core), else hang
mrs x1, mpidr_el1
and x1, x1, #3
cbz x1, 2f
// We're not on the main core, so hang in an infinite wait loop
1: wfe
b 1b
2: // We're on the main core!
// Set stack to start below our code
ldr x1, =_start
mov sp, x1
// Clean the BSS section
ldr x1, =__bss_start // Start address
ldr w2, =__bss_size // Size of the section
3: cbz w2, 4f // Quit loop if zero
str xzr, [x1], #8
sub w2, w2, #1
cbnz w2, 3b // Loop if non-zero
// Jump to our main() routine in C (make sure it doesn't return)
4: bl main
// In case it does return, halt the master core too
b 1b

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part9-sound/fb.c Normal file
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#include "io.h"
#include "mb.h"
#include "terminal.h"
unsigned int width, height, pitch, isrgb;
unsigned char *fb;
int curx = 0;
int cury = 0;
void fb_init()
{
mbox[0] = 35*4; // Length of message in bytes
mbox[1] = MBOX_REQUEST;
mbox[2] = MBOX_TAG_SETPHYWH; // Tag identifier
mbox[3] = 8; // Value size in bytes
mbox[4] = 8; // Value size in bytes (again!)
mbox[5] = 1920; // Value(width)
mbox[6] = 1080; // Value(height)
mbox[7] = MBOX_TAG_SETVIRTWH;
mbox[8] = 8;
mbox[9] = 8;
mbox[10] = 1920;
mbox[11] = 1080;
mbox[12] = MBOX_TAG_SETVIRTOFF;
mbox[13] = 8;
mbox[14] = 8;
mbox[15] = 0; // Value(x)
mbox[16] = 0; // Value(y)
mbox[17] = MBOX_TAG_SETDEPTH;
mbox[18] = 4;
mbox[19] = 4;
mbox[20] = 32; // Bits per pixel
mbox[21] = MBOX_TAG_SETPXLORDR;
mbox[22] = 4;
mbox[23] = 4;
mbox[24] = 1; // RGB
mbox[25] = MBOX_TAG_GETFB;
mbox[26] = 8;
mbox[27] = 8;
mbox[28] = 4096; // FrameBufferInfo.pointer
mbox[29] = 0; // FrameBufferInfo.size
mbox[30] = MBOX_TAG_GETPITCH;
mbox[31] = 4;
mbox[32] = 4;
mbox[33] = 0; // Bytes per line
mbox[34] = MBOX_TAG_LAST;
// Check call is successful and we have a pointer with depth 32
if (mbox_call(MBOX_CH_PROP) && mbox[20] == 32 && mbox[28] != 0) {
mbox[28] &= 0x3FFFFFFF; // Convert GPU address to ARM address
width = mbox[10]; // Actual physical width
height = mbox[11]; // Actual physical height
pitch = mbox[33]; // Number of bytes per line
isrgb = mbox[24]; // Pixel order
fb = (unsigned char *)((long)mbox[28]);
}
}
void drawPixel(int x, int y, unsigned char attr)
{
int offs = (y * pitch) + (x * 4);
*((unsigned int*)(fb + offs)) = vgapal[attr & 0x0f];
}
void drawRect(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, unsigned char attr, int fill)
{
int y=y1;
while (y <= y2) {
int x=x1;
while (x <= x2) {
if ((x == x1 || x == x2) || (y == y1 || y == y2)) drawPixel(x, y, attr);
else if (fill) drawPixel(x, y, (attr & 0xf0) >> 4);
x++;
}
y++;
}
}
void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, unsigned char attr)
{
int dx, dy, p, x, y;
dx = x2-x1;
dy = y2-y1;
x = x1;
y = y1;
p = 2*dy-dx;
while (x<x2) {
if (p >= 0) {
drawPixel(x,y,attr);
y++;
p = p+2*dy-2*dx;
} else {
drawPixel(x,y,attr);
p = p+2*dy;
}
x++;
}
}
void drawCircle(int x0, int y0, int radius, unsigned char attr, int fill)
{
int x = radius;
int y = 0;
int err = 0;
while (x >= y) {
if (fill) {
drawLine(x0 - y, y0 + x, x0 + y, y0 + x, (attr & 0xf0) >> 4);
drawLine(x0 - x, y0 + y, x0 + x, y0 + y, (attr & 0xf0) >> 4);
drawLine(x0 - x, y0 - y, x0 + x, y0 - y, (attr & 0xf0) >> 4);
drawLine(x0 - y, y0 - x, x0 + y, y0 - x, (attr & 0xf0) >> 4);
}
drawPixel(x0 - y, y0 + x, attr);
drawPixel(x0 + y, y0 + x, attr);
drawPixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, attr);
drawPixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, attr);
drawPixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, attr);
drawPixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, attr);
drawPixel(x0 - y, y0 - x, attr);
drawPixel(x0 + y, y0 - x, attr);
if (err <= 0) {
y += 1;
err += 2*y + 1;
}
if (err > 0) {
x -= 1;
err -= 2*x + 1;
}
}
}
void drawChar(unsigned char ch, int x, int y, unsigned char attr, int zoom)
{
unsigned char *glyph = (unsigned char *)&font + (ch < FONT_NUMGLYPHS ? ch : 0) * FONT_BPG;
for (int i=1;i<=(FONT_HEIGHT*zoom);i++) {
for (int j=0;j<(FONT_WIDTH*zoom);j++) {
unsigned char mask = 1 << (j/zoom);
unsigned char col = (*glyph & mask) ? attr & 0x0f : (attr & 0xf0) >> 4;
drawPixel(x+j, y+i, col);
}
glyph += (i%zoom) ? 0 : FONT_BPL;
}
}
void drawString(int x, int y, char *s, unsigned char attr, int zoom)
{
while (*s) {
if (*s == '\r') {
x = 0;
} else if(*s == '\n') {
x = 0; y += (FONT_HEIGHT*zoom);
} else {
drawChar(*s, x, y, attr, zoom);
x += (FONT_WIDTH*zoom);
}
s++;
}
}
void moveRect(int oldx, int oldy, int width, int height, int shiftx, int shifty, unsigned char attr)
{
unsigned int newx = oldx + shiftx, newy = oldy + shifty;
unsigned int xcount = 0, ycount = 0;
unsigned int bitmap[width][height]; // This is very unsafe if it's too big for the stack...
unsigned int offs;
// Save the bitmap
while (xcount < width) {
while (ycount < height) {
offs = ((oldy + ycount) * pitch) + ((oldx + xcount) * 4);
bitmap[xcount][ycount] = *((unsigned int*)(fb + offs));
ycount++;
}
ycount=0;
xcount++;
}
// Wipe it out with background colour
drawRect(oldx, oldy, oldx + width, oldy + width, attr, 1);
// Draw it again
for (int i=newx;i<newx + width;i++) {
for (int j=newy;j<newy + height;j++) {
offs = (j * pitch) + (i * 4);
*((unsigned int*)(fb + offs)) = bitmap[i-newx][j-newy];
}
}
}
void wait_msec(unsigned int n)
{
register unsigned long f, t, r;
// Get the current counter frequency
asm volatile ("mrs %0, cntfrq_el0" : "=r"(f));
// Read the current counter
asm volatile ("mrs %0, cntpct_el0" : "=r"(t));
// Calculate expire value for counter
t+=((f/1000)*n)/1000;
do{asm volatile ("mrs %0, cntpct_el0" : "=r"(r));}while(r<t);
}
int strlen(const char *str) {
const char *s;
for (s = str; *s; ++s);
return (s - str);
}
void debugstr(char *str) {
if (curx + (strlen(str) * 8) >= 1920) {
curx = 0; cury += 8;
}
if (cury + 8 >= 1080) {
cury = 0;
}
drawString(curx, cury, str, 0x0f, 1);
curx += (strlen(str) * 8);
}
void debugcrlf(void) {
curx = 0; cury += 8;
}
void debugch(unsigned char b) {
unsigned int n;
int c;
for(c=4;c>=0;c-=4) {
n=(b>>c)&0xF;
n+=n>9?0x37:0x30;
debugstr((char *)&n);
}
debugstr(" ");
}
void debughex(unsigned int d) {
unsigned int n;
int c;
for(c=28;c>=0;c-=4) {
n=(d>>c)&0xF;
n+=n>9?0x37:0x30;
debugstr((char *)&n);
}
debugstr(" ");
}

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part9-sound/fb.h Normal file
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void fb_init();
void drawPixel(int x, int y, unsigned char attr);
void drawChar(unsigned char ch, int x, int y, unsigned char attr, int zoom);
void drawString(int x, int y, char *s, unsigned char attr, int zoom);
void drawRect(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, unsigned char attr, int fill);
void drawCircle(int x0, int y0, int radius, unsigned char attr, int fill);
void drawLine(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, unsigned char attr);
void moveRect(int oldx, int oldy, int width, int height, int shiftx, int shifty, unsigned char attr);
void wait_msec(unsigned int n);
void debugstr(char *str);
void debugcrlf(void);
void debugch(unsigned char b);
void debughex(unsigned int d);

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part9-sound/io.c Normal file
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#include "io.h"
// GPIO
enum {
GPFSEL0 = PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x200000,
GPSET0 = PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x20001C,
GPCLR0 = PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x200028,
GPPUPPDN0 = PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x2000E4
};
enum {
GPIO_MAX_PIN = 53,
GPIO_FUNCTION_OUT = 1,
GPIO_FUNCTION_ALT5 = 2,
GPIO_FUNCTION_ALT3 = 7,
GPIO_FUNCTION_ALT0 = 4
};
enum {
Pull_None = 0,
Pull_Down = 1, // Are down and up the right way around?
Pull_Up = 2
};
void mmio_write(long reg, unsigned int val) { *(volatile unsigned int *)reg = val; }
unsigned int mmio_read(long reg) { return *(volatile unsigned int *)reg; }
unsigned int gpio_call(unsigned int pin_number, unsigned int value, unsigned int base, unsigned int field_size, unsigned int field_max) {
unsigned int field_mask = (1 << field_size) - 1;
if (pin_number > field_max) return 0;
if (value > field_mask) return 0;
unsigned int num_fields = 32 / field_size;
unsigned int reg = base + ((pin_number / num_fields) * 4);
unsigned int shift = (pin_number % num_fields) * field_size;
unsigned int curval = mmio_read(reg);
curval &= ~(field_mask << shift);
curval |= value << shift;
mmio_write(reg, curval);
return 1;
}
unsigned int gpio_set (unsigned int pin_number, unsigned int value) { return gpio_call(pin_number, value, GPSET0, 1, GPIO_MAX_PIN); }
unsigned int gpio_clear (unsigned int pin_number, unsigned int value) { return gpio_call(pin_number, value, GPCLR0, 1, GPIO_MAX_PIN); }
unsigned int gpio_pull (unsigned int pin_number, unsigned int value) { return gpio_call(pin_number, value, GPPUPPDN0, 2, GPIO_MAX_PIN); }
unsigned int gpio_function(unsigned int pin_number, unsigned int value) { return gpio_call(pin_number, value, GPFSEL0, 3, GPIO_MAX_PIN); }
void gpio_useAsAlt0(unsigned int pin_number) {
gpio_pull(pin_number, Pull_None);
gpio_function(pin_number, GPIO_FUNCTION_ALT0);
}
void gpio_useAsAlt3(unsigned int pin_number) {
gpio_pull(pin_number, Pull_None);
gpio_function(pin_number, GPIO_FUNCTION_ALT3);
}
void gpio_useAsAlt5(unsigned int pin_number) {
gpio_pull(pin_number, Pull_None);
gpio_function(pin_number, GPIO_FUNCTION_ALT5);
}
void gpio_initOutputPinWithPullNone(unsigned int pin_number) {
gpio_pull(pin_number, Pull_None);
gpio_function(pin_number, GPIO_FUNCTION_OUT);
}
void gpio_setPinOutputBool(unsigned int pin_number, unsigned int onOrOff) {
if (onOrOff) {
gpio_set(pin_number, 1);
} else {
gpio_clear(pin_number, 1);
}
}
// UART
enum {
AUX_BASE = PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x215000,
AUX_IRQ = AUX_BASE,
AUX_ENABLES = AUX_BASE + 4,
AUX_MU_IO_REG = AUX_BASE + 64,
AUX_MU_IER_REG = AUX_BASE + 68,
AUX_MU_IIR_REG = AUX_BASE + 72,
AUX_MU_LCR_REG = AUX_BASE + 76,
AUX_MU_MCR_REG = AUX_BASE + 80,
AUX_MU_LSR_REG = AUX_BASE + 84,
AUX_MU_MSR_REG = AUX_BASE + 88,
AUX_MU_SCRATCH = AUX_BASE + 92,
AUX_MU_CNTL_REG = AUX_BASE + 96,
AUX_MU_STAT_REG = AUX_BASE + 100,
AUX_MU_BAUD_REG = AUX_BASE + 104,
AUX_UART_CLOCK = 500000000,
UART_MAX_QUEUE = 16 * 1024
};
#define AUX_MU_BAUD(baud) ((AUX_UART_CLOCK/(baud*8))-1)
unsigned char uart_output_queue[UART_MAX_QUEUE];
unsigned int uart_output_queue_write = 0;
unsigned int uart_output_queue_read = 0;
void uart_init() {
mmio_write(AUX_ENABLES, 1); //enable UART1
mmio_write(AUX_MU_IER_REG, 0);
mmio_write(AUX_MU_CNTL_REG, 0);
mmio_write(AUX_MU_LCR_REG, 3); //8 bits
mmio_write(AUX_MU_MCR_REG, 0);
mmio_write(AUX_MU_IER_REG, 0);
mmio_write(AUX_MU_IIR_REG, 0xC6); //disable interrupts
mmio_write(AUX_MU_BAUD_REG, AUX_MU_BAUD(115200));
gpio_useAsAlt5(14);
gpio_useAsAlt5(15);
mmio_write(AUX_MU_CNTL_REG, 3); //enable RX/TX
}
unsigned int uart_isOutputQueueEmpty() {
return uart_output_queue_read == uart_output_queue_write;
}
unsigned int uart_isReadByteReady() { return mmio_read(AUX_MU_LSR_REG) & 0x01; }
unsigned int uart_isWriteByteReady() { return mmio_read(AUX_MU_LSR_REG) & 0x20; }
unsigned char uart_readByte() {
while (!uart_isReadByteReady());
return (unsigned char)mmio_read(AUX_MU_IO_REG);
}
void uart_writeByteBlockingActual(unsigned char ch) {
while (!uart_isWriteByteReady());
mmio_write(AUX_MU_IO_REG, (unsigned int)ch);
}
void uart_loadOutputFifo() {
while (!uart_isOutputQueueEmpty() && uart_isWriteByteReady()) {
uart_writeByteBlockingActual(uart_output_queue[uart_output_queue_read]);
uart_output_queue_read = (uart_output_queue_read + 1) & (UART_MAX_QUEUE - 1); // Don't overrun
}
}
void uart_writeByteBlocking(unsigned char ch) {
unsigned int next = (uart_output_queue_write + 1) & (UART_MAX_QUEUE - 1); // Don't overrun
while (next == uart_output_queue_read) uart_loadOutputFifo();
uart_output_queue[uart_output_queue_write] = ch;
uart_output_queue_write = next;
}
void uart_writeText(char *buffer) {
while (*buffer) {
if (*buffer == '\n') uart_writeByteBlockingActual('\r');
uart_writeByteBlockingActual(*buffer++);
}
}
void uart_drainOutputQueue() {
while (!uart_isOutputQueueEmpty()) uart_loadOutputFifo();
}
void uart_update() {
uart_loadOutputFifo();
if (uart_isReadByteReady()) {
unsigned char ch = uart_readByte();
if (ch == '\r') uart_writeText("\n"); else uart_writeByteBlocking(ch);
}
}
void uart_hex(unsigned int d) {
unsigned int n;
int c;
for(c=28;c>=0;c-=4) {
// get highest tetrad
n=(d>>c)&0xF;
// 0-9 => '0'-'9', 10-15 => 'A'-'F'
n+=n>9?0x37:0x30;
uart_writeByteBlockingActual(n);
}
}
void uart_byte(unsigned char b) {
unsigned int n;
int c;
for(c=4;c>=0;c-=4) {
// get highest tetrad
n=(b>>c)&0xF;
// 0-9 => '0'-'9', 10-15 => 'A'-'F'
n+=n>9?0x37:0x30;
uart_writeByteBlockingActual(n);
}
uart_writeByteBlockingActual(' ');
}

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part9-sound/io.h Normal file
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#define PERIPHERAL_BASE 0xFE000000
void uart_init();
void uart_writeText(char *buffer);
void uart_loadOutputFifo();
unsigned char uart_readByte();
unsigned int uart_isReadByteReady();
void uart_writeByteBlockingActual(unsigned char ch);
void uart_update();
void mmio_write(long reg, unsigned int val);
unsigned int mmio_read(long reg);
void gpio_useAsAlt0(unsigned int pin_number);
void gpio_useAsAlt3(unsigned int pin_number);
void uart_hex(unsigned int d);
void uart_byte(unsigned char b);

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#include "fb.h"
#include "io.h"
#define PWM_BASE (PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x20C000 + 0x800) /* PWM1 register base address on RPi4 */
#define CLOCK_BASE (PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x101000)
#define BCM2711_PWMCLK_CNTL 40
#define BCM2711_PWMCLK_DIV 41
#define BCM2711_PWM_CONTROL 0
#define BCM2711_PWM_STATUS 1
#define BCM2711_PWM0_RANGE 4
#define BCM2711_PWM0_DATA 5
#define BCM2711_PWM_FIFO 6
#define BCM2711_PWM1_RANGE 8
#define BCM2711_PWM1_DATA 9
#define BCM2711_PWM1_USEFIFO 0x2000 /* Data from FIFO */
#define BCM2711_PWM1_ENABLE 0x0100 /* Channel enable */
#define BCM2711_PWM0_USEFIFO 0x0020 /* Data from FIFO */
#define BCM2711_PWM0_ENABLE 0x0001 /* Channel enable */
#define BCM2711_GAPO2 0x20
#define BCM2711_GAPO1 0x10
#define BCM2711_RERR1 0x8
#define BCM2711_WERR1 0x4
#define BCM2711_FULL1 0x1
#define PM_PASSWORD 0x5A000000
#define ERRORMASK (BCM2711_GAPO2 | BCM2711_GAPO1 | BCM2711_RERR1 | BCM2711_WERR1)
volatile unsigned* clk = (void*)CLOCK_BASE;
volatile unsigned* pwm = (void*)PWM_BASE;
static void audio_init(void)
{
gpio_useAsAlt0(40); // Ensure PWM1 is mapped to GPIO 40/41
gpio_useAsAlt0(41);
wait_msec(2);
*(clk + BCM2711_PWMCLK_CNTL) = PM_PASSWORD | (1 << 5); // Stop clock
int idiv = 2;
*(clk + BCM2711_PWMCLK_DIV) = PM_PASSWORD | (idiv<<12);
*(clk + BCM2711_PWMCLK_CNTL) = PM_PASSWORD | 16 | 1; // Enable + oscillator
wait_msec(2);
// Disable PWM
*(pwm + BCM2711_PWM_CONTROL) = 0;
wait_msec(2);
*(pwm+BCM2711_PWM0_RANGE) = 0x264; // 44.1khz, Stereo, 8-bit (54Mhz / 44100 / 2)
*(pwm+BCM2711_PWM1_RANGE) = 0x264;
*(pwm+BCM2711_PWM_CONTROL) =
BCM2711_PWM1_USEFIFO |
BCM2711_PWM1_ENABLE |
BCM2711_PWM0_USEFIFO |
BCM2711_PWM0_ENABLE | 1<<6;
wait_msec(2);
}
void playaudio_cpu()
{
int i=0;
long status;
extern unsigned char _binary_audio_bin_start[];
extern unsigned char _binary_audio_bin_size[];
unsigned int size = (long)&_binary_audio_bin_size;
unsigned char *data = &(_binary_audio_bin_start[0]);
while (i < size) {
status = *(pwm + BCM2711_PWM_STATUS);
if (!(status & BCM2711_FULL1)) {
*(pwm+BCM2711_PWM_FIFO) = *(data + i);
i++;
*(pwm+BCM2711_PWM_FIFO) = *(data + i);
i++;
}
if ((status & ERRORMASK)) {
debugstr("error: ");
debughex(status);
debugcrlf();
*(pwm+BCM2711_PWM_STATUS) = ERRORMASK;
}
}
}
void main()
{
fb_init();
debugstr("Initialising audio... ");
audio_init();
debugstr("done"); debugcrlf();
debugstr("Starting to play sample using CPU"); debugcrlf();
playaudio_cpu();
debugstr("CPU finished playing sample"); debugcrlf();
while (1);
}

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SECTIONS
{
. = 0x80000; /* Kernel load address for AArch64 */
.text : { KEEP(*(.text.boot)) *(.text .text.* .gnu.linkonce.t*) }
.rodata : { *(.rodata .rodata.* .gnu.linkonce.r*) }
PROVIDE(_data = .);
.data : { *(.data .data.* .gnu.linkonce.d*) }
.bss (NOLOAD) : {
. = ALIGN(16);
__bss_start = .;
*(.bss .bss.*)
*(COMMON)
__bss_end = .;
}
_end = .;
/DISCARD/ : { *(.comment) *(.gnu*) *(.note*) *(.eh_frame*) }
}
__bss_size = (__bss_end - __bss_start)>>3;

39
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#include "io.h"
// The buffer must be 16-byte aligned as only the upper 28 bits of the address can be passed via the mailbox
volatile unsigned int __attribute__((aligned(16))) mbox[36];
enum {
VIDEOCORE_MBOX = (PERIPHERAL_BASE + 0x0000B880),
MBOX_READ = (VIDEOCORE_MBOX + 0x0),
MBOX_POLL = (VIDEOCORE_MBOX + 0x10),
MBOX_SENDER = (VIDEOCORE_MBOX + 0x14),
MBOX_STATUS = (VIDEOCORE_MBOX + 0x18),
MBOX_CONFIG = (VIDEOCORE_MBOX + 0x1C),
MBOX_WRITE = (VIDEOCORE_MBOX + 0x20),
MBOX_RESPONSE = 0x80000000,
MBOX_FULL = 0x80000000,
MBOX_EMPTY = 0x40000000
};
unsigned int mbox_call(unsigned char ch)
{
// 28-bit address (MSB) and 4-bit value (LSB)
unsigned int r = ((unsigned int)((long) &mbox) &~ 0xF) | (ch & 0xF);
// Wait until we can write
while (mmio_read(MBOX_STATUS) & MBOX_FULL);
// Write the address of our buffer to the mailbox with the channel appended
mmio_write(MBOX_WRITE, r);
while (1) {
// Is there a reply?
while (mmio_read(MBOX_STATUS) & MBOX_EMPTY);
// Is it a reply to our message?
if (r == mmio_read(MBOX_READ)) return mbox[1]==MBOX_RESPONSE; // Is it successful?
}
return 0;
}

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extern volatile unsigned int mbox[36];
enum {
MBOX_REQUEST = 0
};
enum {
MBOX_CH_POWER = 0,
MBOX_CH_FB = 1,
MBOX_CH_VUART = 2,
MBOX_CH_VCHIQ = 3,
MBOX_CH_LEDS = 4,
MBOX_CH_BTNS = 5,
MBOX_CH_TOUCH = 6,
MBOX_CH_COUNT = 7,
MBOX_CH_PROP = 8 // Request from ARM for response by VideoCore
};
enum {
MBOX_TAG_SETPOWER = 0x28001,
MBOX_TAG_SETCLKRATE = 0x38002,
MBOX_TAG_SETPHYWH = 0x48003,
MBOX_TAG_SETVIRTWH = 0x48004,
MBOX_TAG_SETVIRTOFF = 0x48009,
MBOX_TAG_SETDEPTH = 0x48005,
MBOX_TAG_SETPXLORDR = 0x48006,
MBOX_TAG_GETFB = 0x40001,
MBOX_TAG_GETPITCH = 0x40008,
MBOX_TAG_LAST = 0
};
unsigned int mbox_call(unsigned char ch);

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unsigned int vgapal[] = {
0x000000,
0x0000AA,
0x00AA00,
0x00AAAA,
0xAA0000,
0xAA00AA,
0xAA5500,
0xAAAAAA,
0x555555,
0x5555FF,
0x55FF55,
0x55FFFF,
0xFF5555,
0xFF55FF,
0xFFFF55,
0xFFFFFF
};
enum {
FONT_WIDTH = 8,
FONT_HEIGHT = 8,
FONT_BPG = 8, // Bytes per glyph
FONT_BPL = 1, // Bytes per line
FONT_NUMGLYPHS = 224
};
unsigned char font[FONT_NUMGLYPHS][FONT_BPG] = {
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0000 (nul)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0001
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0002
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0003
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0004
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0005
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0006
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0007
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0008
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0009
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+000A
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+000B
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+000C
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+000D
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+000E
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+000F
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0010
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0011
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0012
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0013
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0014
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0015
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0016
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0017
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0018
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0019
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+001A
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+001B
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+001C
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+001D
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+001E
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+001F
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0020 (space)
{ 0x18, 0x3C, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00}, // U+0021 (!)
{ 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0022 (")
{ 0x36, 0x36, 0x7F, 0x36, 0x7F, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00}, // U+0023 (#)
{ 0x0C, 0x3E, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x1F, 0x0C, 0x00}, // U+0024 ($)
{ 0x00, 0x63, 0x33, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x66, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+0025 (%)
{ 0x1C, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x6E, 0x3B, 0x33, 0x6E, 0x00}, // U+0026 (&)
{ 0x06, 0x06, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0027 (')
{ 0x18, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x00}, // U+0028 (()
{ 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x00}, // U+0029 ())
{ 0x00, 0x66, 0x3C, 0xFF, 0x3C, 0x66, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+002A (*)
{ 0x00, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x3F, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+002B (+)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x06}, // U+002C (,)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+002D (-)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x00}, // U+002E (.)
{ 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00}, // U+002F (/)
{ 0x3E, 0x63, 0x73, 0x7B, 0x6F, 0x67, 0x3E, 0x00}, // U+0030 (0)
{ 0x0C, 0x0E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x3F, 0x00}, // U+0031 (1)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x30, 0x1C, 0x06, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x00}, // U+0032 (2)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x30, 0x1C, 0x30, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0033 (3)
{ 0x38, 0x3C, 0x36, 0x33, 0x7F, 0x30, 0x78, 0x00}, // U+0034 (4)
{ 0x3F, 0x03, 0x1F, 0x30, 0x30, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0035 (5)
{ 0x1C, 0x06, 0x03, 0x1F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0036 (6)
{ 0x3F, 0x33, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x00}, // U+0037 (7)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0038 (8)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3E, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0E, 0x00}, // U+0039 (9)
{ 0x00, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x00}, // U+003A (:)
{ 0x00, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x06}, // U+003B (;)
{ 0x18, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x03, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x00}, // U+003C (<)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+003D (=)
{ 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x00}, // U+003E (>)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0C, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x00}, // U+003F (?)
{ 0x3E, 0x63, 0x7B, 0x7B, 0x7B, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0040 (@)
{ 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00}, // U+0041 (A)
{ 0x3F, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3E, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3F, 0x00}, // U+0042 (B)
{ 0x3C, 0x66, 0x03, 0x03, 0x03, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x00}, // U+0043 (C)
{ 0x1F, 0x36, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x36, 0x1F, 0x00}, // U+0044 (D)
{ 0x7F, 0x46, 0x16, 0x1E, 0x16, 0x46, 0x7F, 0x00}, // U+0045 (E)
{ 0x7F, 0x46, 0x16, 0x1E, 0x16, 0x06, 0x0F, 0x00}, // U+0046 (F)
{ 0x3C, 0x66, 0x03, 0x03, 0x73, 0x66, 0x7C, 0x00}, // U+0047 (G)
{ 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00}, // U+0048 (H)
{ 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0049 (I)
{ 0x78, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+004A (J)
{ 0x67, 0x66, 0x36, 0x1E, 0x36, 0x66, 0x67, 0x00}, // U+004B (K)
{ 0x0F, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x46, 0x66, 0x7F, 0x00}, // U+004C (L)
{ 0x63, 0x77, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x6B, 0x63, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+004D (M)
{ 0x63, 0x67, 0x6F, 0x7B, 0x73, 0x63, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+004E (N)
{ 0x1C, 0x36, 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x00}, // U+004F (O)
{ 0x3F, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3E, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0F, 0x00}, // U+0050 (P)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3B, 0x1E, 0x38, 0x00}, // U+0051 (Q)
{ 0x3F, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3E, 0x36, 0x66, 0x67, 0x00}, // U+0052 (R)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x07, 0x0E, 0x38, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0053 (S)
{ 0x3F, 0x2D, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0054 (T)
{ 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x00}, // U+0055 (U)
{ 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x00}, // U+0056 (V)
{ 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x6B, 0x7F, 0x77, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+0057 (W)
{ 0x63, 0x63, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x1C, 0x36, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+0058 (X)
{ 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0059 (Y)
{ 0x7F, 0x63, 0x31, 0x18, 0x4C, 0x66, 0x7F, 0x00}, // U+005A (Z)
{ 0x1E, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+005B ([)
{ 0x03, 0x06, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x40, 0x00}, // U+005C (\)
{ 0x1E, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+005D (])
{ 0x08, 0x1C, 0x36, 0x63, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+005E (^)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF}, // U+005F (_)
{ 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+0060 (`)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x3E, 0x33, 0x6E, 0x00}, // U+0061 (a)
{ 0x07, 0x06, 0x06, 0x3E, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3B, 0x00}, // U+0062 (b)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x03, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0063 (c)
{ 0x38, 0x30, 0x30, 0x3e, 0x33, 0x33, 0x6E, 0x00}, // U+0064 (d)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x3f, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0065 (e)
{ 0x1C, 0x36, 0x06, 0x0f, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0F, 0x00}, // U+0066 (f)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3E, 0x30, 0x1F}, // U+0067 (g)
{ 0x07, 0x06, 0x36, 0x6E, 0x66, 0x66, 0x67, 0x00}, // U+0068 (h)
{ 0x0C, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+0069 (i)
{ 0x30, 0x00, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E}, // U+006A (j)
{ 0x07, 0x06, 0x66, 0x36, 0x1E, 0x36, 0x67, 0x00}, // U+006B (k)
{ 0x0E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+006C (l)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x33, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x6B, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+006D (m)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00}, // U+006E (n)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+006F (o)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3B, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3E, 0x06, 0x0F}, // U+0070 (p)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x6E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3E, 0x30, 0x78}, // U+0071 (q)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3B, 0x6E, 0x66, 0x06, 0x0F, 0x00}, // U+0072 (r)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3E, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x1F, 0x00}, // U+0073 (s)
{ 0x08, 0x0C, 0x3E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x2C, 0x18, 0x00}, // U+0074 (t)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x6E, 0x00}, // U+0075 (u)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x0C, 0x00}, // U+0076 (v)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x63, 0x6B, 0x7F, 0x7F, 0x36, 0x00}, // U+0077 (w)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x63, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x36, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+0078 (x)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3E, 0x30, 0x1F}, // U+0079 (y)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x19, 0x0C, 0x26, 0x3F, 0x00}, // U+007A (z)
{ 0x38, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x07, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x38, 0x00}, // U+007B ({)
{ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00}, // U+007C (|)
{ 0x07, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x38, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x07, 0x00}, // U+007D (})
{ 0x6E, 0x3B, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+007E (~)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+007F
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x03, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x18, 0x30, 0x1E}, // U+00C7 (C cedille)
{ 0x00, 0x33, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00FC (u umlaut)
{ 0x38, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00E9 (e aigu)
{ 0x7E, 0xC3, 0x3C, 0x60, 0x7C, 0x66, 0xFC, 0x00}, // U+00E2 (a circumflex)
{ 0x33, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x3E, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00E4 (a umlaut)
{ 0x07, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x3E, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00E0 (a grave)
{ 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x3E, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00E5 (a ring)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x03, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x1C}, // U+00E7 (c cedille)
{ 0x7E, 0xC3, 0x3C, 0x66, 0x7E, 0x06, 0x3C, 0x00}, // U+00EA (e circumflex)
{ 0x33, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00EB (e umlaut)
{ 0x07, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x03, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00E8 (e grave)
{ 0x33, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00EF (i umlaut)
{ 0x3E, 0x63, 0x1C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x00}, // U+00EE (i circumflex)
{ 0x07, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00EC (i grave)
{ 0x63, 0x1C, 0x36, 0x63, 0x7F, 0x63, 0x63, 0x00}, // U+00C4 (A umlaut)
{ 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x3F, 0x33, 0x00}, // U+00C5 (A ring)
{ 0x07, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x06, 0x1E, 0x06, 0x3F, 0x00}, // U+00C8 (E grave)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0xFE, 0x30, 0xFE, 0x33, 0xFE, 0x00}, // U+00E6 (ae)
{ 0x7C, 0x36, 0x33, 0x7F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x73, 0x00}, // U+00C6 (AE)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00F4 (o circumflex)
{ 0x00, 0x33, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00F6 (o umlaut)
{ 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00F2 (o grave)
{ 0x1E, 0x33, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00FB (u circumflex)
{ 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00F9 (u grave)
{ 0x00, 0x33, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x3E, 0x30, 0x1F}, // U+00FF (y umlaut)
{ 0xC3, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x00}, // U+00D6 (O umlaut)
{ 0x33, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00DC (U umlaut)
{ 0x18, 0x18, 0x7E, 0x03, 0x03, 0x7E, 0x18, 0x18}, // U+00A2 (dollarcents)
{ 0x1C, 0x36, 0x26, 0x0F, 0x06, 0x67, 0x3F, 0x00}, // U+00A3 (pound sterling)
{ 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x3F, 0x0C, 0x3F, 0x0C, 0x0C}, // U+00A5 (yen)
{ 0x7C, 0xC6, 0x1C, 0x36, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x33, 0x1E}, // U+00A7 (paragraph)
{ 0x70, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1B, 0x0E}, // U+0192 (dutch florijn)
{ 0x38, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x30, 0x3E, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00E1 (a aigu)
{ 0x1C, 0x00, 0x0E, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x0C, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00ED (i augu)
{ 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1E, 0x33, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00F3 (o aigu)
{ 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x7E, 0x00}, // U+00FA (u aigu)
{ 0x00, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x33, 0x33, 0x33, 0x00}, // U+00F1 (n ~)
{ 0x3F, 0x00, 0x33, 0x37, 0x3F, 0x3B, 0x33, 0x00}, // U+00D1 (N ~)
{ 0x3C, 0x36, 0x36, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+00AA (superscript a)
{ 0x1C, 0x36, 0x36, 0x1C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+00BA (superscript 0)
{ 0x0C, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x03, 0x33, 0x1E, 0x00}, // U+00BF (inverted ?)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x03, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2310 (gun pointing right)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x30, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+00AC (gun pointing left)
{ 0xC3, 0x63, 0x33, 0x7B, 0xCC, 0x66, 0x33, 0xF0}, // U+00BD (1/2)
{ 0xC3, 0x63, 0x33, 0xBD, 0xEC, 0xF6, 0xF3, 0x03}, // U+00BC (1/4)
{ 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00}, // U+00A1 (inverted !)
{ 0x00, 0xCC, 0x66, 0x33, 0x66, 0xCC, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+00AB (<<)
{ 0x00, 0x33, 0x66, 0xCC, 0x66, 0x33, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+00BB (>>)
{ 0x55, 0x00, 0xAA, 0x00, 0x55, 0x00, 0xAA, 0x00}, // U+2591 (25% solid)
{ 0x55, 0xAA, 0x55, 0xAA, 0x55, 0xAA, 0x55, 0xAA}, // U+2592 (50% solid)
{ 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF, 0x55, 0xFF, 0xAA, 0xFF, 0x55}, // U+2593 (75% solid)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+2502 (thin vertical)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x0f, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+2524 (down L, left L, up L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x0F, 0x08, 0x0F, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+2561 (up L, down L, left D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x17, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2562 (up D, down D, left L)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2556 (down D, left L)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F, 0x08, 0x0F, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+2555 (down L, left D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x17, 0x10, 0x17, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2563 (up D, down D, left D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2551 (double vertical)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x10, 0x17, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2557 (down D, left D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x17, 0x10, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+255D (up D, left D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+255C (up D, left L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x0F, 0x08, 0x0F, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+255B (up L, left D)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+2510 (down L, left L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2514 (up L, right L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2534 (up L, right L, left L)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+252C (down L, right L, left L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xf8, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+251C (down L, right L, up L)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2500 (thin horizontal)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xff, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+253C (up L, right L, left L, down L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xF8, 0x08, 0xF8, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+255E (up L, down L, right D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xF4, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+255F (up D, down D, right L)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xF4, 0x04, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+255A (up D, right D)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x04, 0xF4, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2554 (down D, right D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xF7, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2569 (left D, right D, up D)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xF7, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2566 (left D, right D, down D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xF4, 0x04, 0xF4, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2560 (up D, down D, right D)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2550 (double horizontal)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xF7, 0x00, 0xF7, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+256C (left D, right D, down D, up D)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2567 (left D, right D, up L)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2568 (left L, right L, up D)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+2564 (left D, right D, down L)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2565 (left L, right L, down D)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2559 (up D, right L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xF8, 0x08, 0xF8, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2558 (up L, right D)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xF8, 0x08, 0xF8, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+2552 (down L, right D)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFC, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+2553 (down D, right L)
{ 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0xFF, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14}, // U+256B (left L, right L, down D, up D)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0xFF, 0x08, 0xFF, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+256A (left D, right D, down L, up L)
{ 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2518 (up L, left L)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08}, // U+250C (down L, right L)
{ 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF}, // U+2588 (solid)
{ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF}, // U+2584 (bottom half)
{ 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F, 0x0F}, // U+258C (left half)
{ 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0, 0xF0}, // U+2590 (right half)
{ 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U+2580 (top half)
};